Abstract

Green revolution technologies based upon intensive use of synthetic agrochemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides have boosted the production output per hectare. However, this increase in production has slowed down in recent times, resulting in  decline in productivity and production and in some cases leading to significant externalities, affecting natural resources and human health as well as agriculture itself by depleting the soil fertility. Some other harmful effects include nitrate in the ground water, contamination of fooding materials, eutrophication, stratospheric changes etc. To escape from these harmful effects, the concept of organic farming was emerged. “Organic Agriculture is a production system that sustains the health of soils, ecosystems and people. It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity and cycles adapted to local conditions, rather than the use of inputs with adverse effects. Organic Agriculture combines tradition, innovation and science to benefit the shared environment and promote fair relationships and a good quality of life for all involved." (IFOAM Organics International, 2008). Increasing consciousness about conservation of environment as well as of health hazards caused by agrochemicals has brought a major shift in political thinking and consumer preference worldwide towards environment conservation and food quality. Organic agriculture is one such broadly accepted production methods that are supportive of the environment and capable of producing high quality food. Due to increase in awareness the demand for organic food is steadily increasing globally with an annual average growth rate of 20–25% (P. Ramesh, Mohan Singh and A. Subba Rao, 2005). Organic agriculture, without doubt, is one of the fastest growing sectors of agricultural production. The objective of this article is to briefly review the impact of agricultural technology of modern age and to find out the suitability of the organic farming for sustainable crop production. Considering the potential environmental benefits of organic agriculture and its compatibility with integrated agricultural approaches to rural development, organic agriculture may be considered as a substitute development vehicle for developing countries like India. If only adequate attention is paid to this issue the concept of organic farming can be a practical proposition for sustainable agriculture. 

Keywords: Organic agriculture, Sustainable agriculture, Eco system, Pesticides, Boiferilizers.