Since the advent of industrial revolution, energy has become the key to growth and development. Modern life is dependent on consumption and use of energy so much that per capita energy consumption is directly proportional to per capita Gross Domestic Product of the country. The per capita primary energy consumption in India is about 1/3^rd of the world average per capita primary commercial energy consumption. It is about 1/20^th of the per capita energy consumption of United States of America, about 1/10^th of the per capita energy consumption of Europe and about 1/4^th of the per capita energy consumption of China. Any policy and programme for growth and development in India will have to address the issues of access of energy resources as well as harnessing them for the benefit of the population.

Key Words : Energy, Energy Consumption, oil and gas, Renewable energy